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Sedimentary Rocks

Sediment is created through weathering. So, as these pieces are carried to a new location they are deposited. That process is known as deposition. Following this, the sediment may become lithified, meaning it is turned into stone. That is accomplished through compaction and cementation. So, the sediments become sedimentary rocks when they are compacted. 

They account for 5 percent (by volume) of the outer 10 miles of the earth's crust. The layer of the earth's crust is where we live, where the history of the earth is found, and there are many natural resources there.

Properties with which sedimentary rocks are classified: texture and chemical composition. 

Size of the weathered particle is known as detritus. 

Texture               Sediment Name                      Rock Name

Coarse (> 2mm)   Gravel (Sharp/rugged)          Breccia

Coarse (> 2mm) Gravel (rounded)                       Conglomerate

1/16 mm < x < 2mm   Sand                                    Sandstone

1/256 mm < x <1/16 mm  Mud                             Siltstone / Mudstone

< 1/256 mm                   Mud                                    Shale

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Metamorphic Rock

Igneous Rocks