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Organelles

Mitochondria

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm

What is its function?

Make ATP through respiration
Produce energy

What kingdoms is it found in?

Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae (Eukaryotic cells only)

In prokaryotic cells, they produce energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, which uses carbon dioxide or methane instead of sunlight. 

Ribosome

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm, Attached to ER

What is its function?

Binds to RNA and produces proteins for the info

What kingdoms is it found in?

All

Chloroplast

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm

What is its function?

Does photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll, a pigment that produces the green color in plants.

What kingdoms is it found in?

Plantae

Vacuole

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm, but it's very large, as it composes >30% of the entire volume of the cell

What is its function?

Stores water, maintains an acidic pH inside the cell, contains waste products, and isolate things that may be harmful to the cell. 

What kingdoms is it found in?

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Monera, Protista (all but Archaea) 

Lysosome

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm

What is its function?

They break down old materials.

What kingdoms is it found in?

Animalia

Peroxisome

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm

What is its function?

They reduce hydrogen peroxide, break down fatty acids, and amino acids.

What kingdoms is it found in?

Plantae, Animalia, Protista, and Fungi

Centriole

Where is it found?

Near nucleus

What is its function?

Organize and make spindle fibers. They're basically just tubes

What kingdoms is it found in?

Animalia, Protista, and part of Plantae

Nucleus

Where is it found?

Middle of cell, in cytoplasm

What is its function?

Stores genetic information
Creates ribosomes (in nucleolus)

What kingdoms is it found in?

All eukaryotic cells

Cell Wall

Where is it found?

Surrounds cell membrane

What is its function?

Rigid structure of cell
Gives structural support to cell and protects the cell membrane

What kingdoms is it found in?

Plantae, Protista, Monera, Fungi

Cytoskeleton

Where is it found?

Cytoplasm

What is its function?

Acts as a skeleton and muscle, general structure of cell
Gives cell its shape

What kingdoms is it found in?

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista

Golgi Body

Where is it found?

Various places within endomembrane system 

What is its function?

Package proteins from ER

What kingdoms is it found in?

Animalia, Plantae, Protista, and Fungi

Rough ER

Where is it found?

Contiguous to the nuclear envelope (touching the nuclear envelope)

What is its function?

Protein production, protein folding, quality control, and dispatch of proteins. 

What kingdoms is it found in?

Animalia, Fungi, Plants and Protists

Smooth ER

Where is it found?

In the cytoplasm, farther away from the nuclear envelope

What is its function?

Production and metabolism of fats and steroids

What kingdoms is it found in?

Animalia, Fungi, Plants and Protists

David Witten

The Cell Cycle

Lipids