Mitochondria
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm
What is its function?
Make ATP through respiration
Produce energy
What kingdoms is it found in?
Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae (Eukaryotic cells only)
In prokaryotic cells, they produce energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, which uses carbon dioxide or methane instead of sunlight.
Ribosome
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm, Attached to ER
What is its function?
Binds to RNA and produces proteins for the info
What kingdoms is it found in?
All
Chloroplast
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm
What is its function?
Does photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll, a pigment that produces the green color in plants.
What kingdoms is it found in?
Plantae
Vacuole
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm, but it's very large, as it composes >30% of the entire volume of the cell
What is its function?
Stores water, maintains an acidic pH inside the cell, contains waste products, and isolate things that may be harmful to the cell.
What kingdoms is it found in?
Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Monera, Protista (all but Archaea)
Lysosome
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm
What is its function?
They break down old materials.
What kingdoms is it found in?
Animalia
Peroxisome
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm
What is its function?
They reduce hydrogen peroxide, break down fatty acids, and amino acids.
What kingdoms is it found in?
Plantae, Animalia, Protista, and Fungi
Centriole
Where is it found?
Near nucleus
What is its function?
Organize and make spindle fibers. They're basically just tubes
What kingdoms is it found in?
Animalia, Protista, and part of Plantae
Nucleus
Where is it found?
Middle of cell, in cytoplasm
What is its function?
Stores genetic information
Creates ribosomes (in nucleolus)
What kingdoms is it found in?
All eukaryotic cells
Cell Wall
Where is it found?
Surrounds cell membrane
What is its function?
Rigid structure of cell
Gives structural support to cell and protects the cell membrane
What kingdoms is it found in?
Plantae, Protista, Monera, Fungi
Cytoskeleton
Where is it found?
Cytoplasm
What is its function?
Acts as a skeleton and muscle, general structure of cell
Gives cell its shape
What kingdoms is it found in?
Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista
Golgi Body
Where is it found?
Various places within endomembrane system
What is its function?
Package proteins from ER
What kingdoms is it found in?
Animalia, Plantae, Protista, and Fungi
Rough ER
Where is it found?
Contiguous to the nuclear envelope (touching the nuclear envelope)
What is its function?
Protein production, protein folding, quality control, and dispatch of proteins.
What kingdoms is it found in?
Animalia, Fungi, Plants and Protists
Smooth ER
Where is it found?
In the cytoplasm, farther away from the nuclear envelope
What is its function?
Production and metabolism of fats and steroids
What kingdoms is it found in?
Animalia, Fungi, Plants and Protists